Neonatal Pneumonia

         Neonatal pneumonia is mainly bacterial in origin; and common pathogens include nonhemolytic Streptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli [1,2]. The infants are often afebrile and occasionally are hypothermic. Shortly after birth tachypnea, retractions, and cyanosis may be evident [1].
        The radiographic findings of neonatal pneumonia vary. In most patients patchy, asymmetric pulmonary opacities and hyperaeration are seen (Figure 1). Pleural effusion may be seen. In some patients, particularly in group B streptococcal pneumonia, reticulogranular densities (Figure 2) as seen in chest films of patients with surfactant deficiency disease may be found [3]. When consolidation occurs, it usually is multilobar. Solitary lobar consolidations (Figure 3) are relatively rare in neonates [2].

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pneumonia
Figure 1. Note asymmetric coarse patchy infiltrates.
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pneumonia-reticulogranular
.Figure 2. Note diffuse fine granular infiltrates.
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LULpneumonia
Figure 3. Note consolidation in the left upper lobe
from staphylococcal pneumonia.
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REFERENCES
1. Mandell GA. Imaging evaluation of the neonate. In: Goodman LR, Putman CE, editors. Critical care imaging. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders, 1992:  416-8.
2. Swischuk LE. Respiratory system. In: Imaging of the newborn, infant, and young child. 4th ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1997:43-7.
3. Hedlund GL, Griscom NT, Cleveland RH, Kirks DR. Respiratory system. In: Kirks DR, Griscom NT, editors. Practical pediatric imaging: diagnostic radiology of infants and children. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven, 1998:715-7.
 
 

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